81/Other Services (except Public Administration)
US businesses, employees and payroll, 2017 to 2023
5.62M
employees, 2023
5.62M
employees, 2023
In 2023, 807,804 US Other Services (except Public Administration) business locations employed 5.62 million people and paid $244.3 billion in annual payroll, $43,492 per employee on average. Employment was up 2.6% from 2022. California had the most employees.
Updated Oct 9, 2026 · data year 2023
Business locations
807,804
+1.2% vs 2022
Employees
5,616,494
+2.6% vs 2022
Annual payroll
$244.3B
+7.0% vs 2022
Average pay
$43,492
+4.3% vs 2022
Over the years
United States, 2017 to 2023
Employees
Paid employees in mid-March
Business locations
Places with paid employees
By state
Employees of Other Services (except Public Administration) in each state, 2023
Employees by state
States with the most employees
Employees and the share of all the state's jobs
| State | Business locations | Employees | Average pay | Share of state jobs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 83,407 | 603,824 | $46,896 | 3.68% |
| Texas | 59,218 | 485,701 | $43,059 | 4.04% |
| New York | 58,223 | 383,127 | $50,178 | 4.37% |
| Florida | 55,496 | 346,310 | $39,494 | 3.47% |
| Pennsylvania | 37,221 | 239,781 | $36,745 | 4.20% |
| Illinois | 32,694 | 235,195 | $48,823 | 4.15% |
| Ohio | 27,524 | 200,615 | $37,078 | 3.95% |
| Virginia | 23,627 | 173,753 | $50,279 | 4.85% |
| North Carolina | 26,271 | 171,955 | $37,482 | 4.02% |
| Michigan | 23,311 | 163,706 | $40,163 | 4.05% |
| Georgia | 24,355 | 162,569 | $41,024 | 3.69% |
| New Jersey | 24,399 | 154,457 | $40,112 | 3.92% |
| Indiana | 17,107 | 127,295 | $36,732 | 4.35% |
| Massachusetts | 18,920 | 121,531 | $48,943 | 3.49% |
| Tennessee | 15,554 | 121,010 | $37,443 | 4.07% |
The 15 states with the most employees. Download the CSV for all 51.
Top metro areas
Metro and micro areas with the most Other Services (except Public Administration) employees, 2023
Metro areas with the most employees
| Metro area | Locations | Employees | Average pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ | 59,479 | 395,346 | $50,582 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | 30,755 | 224,387 | $45,034 |
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | 18,064 | 202,397 | $82,778 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN | 23,392 | 179,085 | $52,710 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX | 15,949 | 144,103 | $45,210 |
| Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX | 13,129 | 127,502 | $46,924 |
| Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD | 16,108 | 116,016 | $40,819 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA | 14,253 | 103,154 | $44,415 |
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL | 17,515 | 97,127 | $42,084 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH | 13,943 | 92,412 | $51,485 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA | 11,353 | 91,724 | $61,351 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI | 9,469 | 81,540 | $43,862 |
| Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI | 9,607 | 74,013 | $42,969 |
| Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ | 9,243 | 73,041 | $45,356 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA | 9,922 | 67,768 | $55,424 |
Business size
US Other Services (except Public Administration) business locations by number of employees, 2023
Locations by size
| Employees | Locations | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Under 5 | 513,038 | 63.5% |
| 5 to 9 | 161,584 | 20.0% |
| 10 to 19 | 83,107 | 10.3% |
| 20 to 49 | 38,004 | 4.7% |
| 50 to 99 | 8,183 | 1.0% |
| 100 to 249 | 3,143 | 0.4% |
| 250 to 499 | 518 | 0.1% |
| 500 to 999 | 160 | 0.0% |
| 1,000 or more | 67 | 0.0% |
Related industries
Other Services (except Public Administration) and the 4 industries directly below it
| Code | Industry | Employees | Average pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| 813 | Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional, and Similar Organizations | 2,676,522 | $43,929 |
| 812 | Personal and Laundry Services | 1,556,668 | $33,431 |
| 811 | Repair and Maintenance | 1,383,304 | $53,967 |
| 814 | Private Households | Not yet published | - |
Questions and answers
How many people work in Other Services (except Public Administration) in the US?
5.62 million people worked at 807,804 US Other Services (except Public Administration) business locations in 2023, up 2.6% from 2022. That is 4.02% of all US private-sector employees.
What is the average pay in Other Services (except Public Administration)?
$43,492 a year per employee in 2023, from $244.3 billion in annual payroll (up 4.3% from 2022). The average across all US industries was $68,342.
Which state has the most Other Services (except Public Administration) jobs?
California had the most, with 603,824 employees in 2023, followed by Texas (485,701) and New York (383,127).
Which metro areas have the most Other Services (except Public Administration) jobs?
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ (395,346), Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA (224,387), Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV (202,397) had the most Other Services (except Public Administration) employees in 2023.
Are most Other Services (except Public Administration) businesses small?
93.8% of the 807,804 Other Services (except Public Administration) business locations had fewer than 20 employees in 2023, and 227 had 500 or more.
Official US government statistics, published once a year. Business locations are places with paid employees; employees are counted in mid-March; payroll covers the whole year. Covers most private employers, not the self-employed, most government workers or farm workers on farms. Changes from the year before are shown only when both years use the same edition of the industry codes.