327120/Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing
US businesses, employees and payroll, 2017 to 2023
24K
employees, 2023
24K
employees, 2023
In 2023, 461 US Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing business locations employed 23,500 people and paid $1.5 billion in annual payroll, $62,594 per employee on average. Employment was up 1.0% from 2022. Ohio had the most employees.
Updated Oct 9, 2026 · data year 2023
Business locations
461
-0.6% vs 2022
Employees
23,500
+1.0% vs 2022
Annual payroll
$1.5B
+6.9% vs 2022
Average pay
$62,594
+5.8% vs 2022
Over the years
United States, 2017 to 2023
Employees
Paid employees in mid-March
Business locations
Places with paid employees
By state
Employees of Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing in each state, 2023
Employees by state
States with the most employees
Employees and the share of all the state's jobs
| State | Business locations | Employees | Average pay | Share of state jobs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ohio | 58 | 3,404 | $65,475 | 0.07% |
| Texas | 28 | 2,600 | $50,340 | 0.02% |
| Tennessee | 19 | 2,168 | $61,534 | 0.07% |
| Pennsylvania | 38 | 1,940 | $64,644 | 0.03% |
| Alabama | 17 | 1,248 | $64,221 | 0.07% |
| California | 35 | 1,198 | $60,149 | 0.01% |
| North Carolina | 21 | 1,024 | $51,442 | 0.02% |
| Oklahoma | 10 | 1,012* | $48,566 | 0.07% |
| Georgia | 17 | 960 | $68,921 | 0.02% |
| Kentucky | 12 | 934 | $60,020 | 0.05% |
| New York | 17 | 787 | $68,828 | 0.01% |
| Indiana | 23 | 637 | $71,890 | 0.02% |
| Illinois | 14 | 542 | $88,015 | 0.01% |
| Virginia | 8 | 452 | $57,812 | 0.01% |
| Michigan | 12 | 423 | $81,894 | 0.01% |
The 15 states with the most employees. Download the CSV for all 38.
Top metro areas
Metro and micro areas with the most Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing employees, 2023
Metro areas with the most employees
| Metro area | Locations | Employees | Average pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX | 9 | 1,473 | $48,542 |
| Columbus, OH | 8 | 867 | $66,190 |
| Pittsburgh, PA | 21 | 678 | $62,965 |
| Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN | 5 | 674 | $55,696 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN | 23 | 664 | $94,768 |
| Crossville, TN | 3 | 639 | $59,700 |
| Birmingham, AL | 9 | 623 | $70,334 |
| Cleveland, OH | 6 | 569* | $83,645 |
| Clarksville, TN-KY | 3 | 516 | $67,647 |
| New Philadelphia-Dover, OH | 9 | 433* | $44,169 |
| Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC | 7 | 428 | $53,568 |
| Canton-Massillon, OH | 6 | 420* | $60,917 |
| Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY | 6 | 404 | $72,582 |
| Worcester, MA | 3 | 307* | $83,629 |
| Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH | 6 | 256 | $80,418 |
Business size
US Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing business locations by number of employees, 2023
Locations by size
| Employees | Locations | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Under 5 | 81 | 17.6% |
| 5 to 9 | 67 | 14.6% |
| 10 to 19 | 64 | 13.9% |
| 20 to 49 | 100 | 21.8% |
| 50 to 99 | 86 | 18.7% |
| 100 to 249 | 49 | 10.7% |
| 250 to 499 | 12 | 2.6% |
| 500 to 999 | Not published | - |
| 1,000 or more | Not published | - |
Related industries
The industries this code belongs to
Part of Manufacturing 31-33Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing 327Clay Product and Refractory Manufacturing 3271Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing 32712
Questions and answers
How many people work in Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing in the US?
23,500 people worked at 461 US Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing business locations in 2023, up 1.0% from 2022. That is 0.02% of all US private-sector employees.
What is the average pay in Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing?
$62,594 a year per employee in 2023, from $1.5 billion in annual payroll (up 5.8% from 2022). The average across all US industries was $68,342.
Which state has the most Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing jobs?
Ohio had the most, with 3,404 employees in 2023, followed by Texas (2,600) and Tennessee (2,168).
Which metro areas have the most Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing jobs?
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX (1,473), Columbus, OH (867), Pittsburgh, PA (678) had the most Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing employees in 2023.
Are most Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing businesses small?
46.2% of the 459 Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing business locations had fewer than 20 employees in 2023, and 0 had 500 or more.
Official US government statistics, published once a year. Business locations are places with paid employees; employees are counted in mid-March; payroll covers the whole year. Covers most private employers, not the self-employed, most government workers or farm workers on farms. * Less accurate: changed by 5% or more to protect privacy. Changes from the year before are shown only when both years use the same edition of the industry codes.